Magnetic field created by two wires - Revision history

Ist12916: /* Experiment description */

2026-02-12T07:44:59Z

Experiment description

Ist12916: /* Experiment description */

2026-02-12T07:44:17Z

Experiment description

Ist12916: /* Configuration */

2021-02-25T11:56:23Z

Configuration

Ist12916: /* Experiment description */

2018-11-26T16:13:28Z

Experiment description

Ist12916: /* Experiment description */

2018-11-22T12:04:49Z

Experiment description

Ist12916: /* Experiment description */

2018-11-22T12:03:35Z

Experiment description

Ist12916: /* Experiment description */

2018-11-22T12:00:13Z

Experiment description

Ist12916: /* In the symmetry plane between cables */

2018-11-22T11:56:24Z

In the symmetry plane between cables

Ist12916 at 11:55, 22 November 2018

2018-11-22T11:55:13Z

Ist176128: /* Ligações */

2018-02-24T23:15:18Z

Ligações

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 Since electrical currents always return to the generators, power transmission lines and many other electromagnetic devices exhibit behavior similar to the one described and studied in this experiment.
-Two version of this experiment are in production, being the newest version available as a [[Mag 3D experimental apparatus|3D printed apparatus]] to be replicated by any hobbyist.
+''Two version of this experiment are in production, being the newest version available as a [[Mag 3D experimental apparatus|3D printed apparatus]] to be replicated by any hobbyist.''
 <!-- Se quiser fazer parte da rede MEDEA, por favor envie-nos um  [mailto:medea@spf.pt mail]. -->

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 The magnetic field exists all around. It can be created by natural terrestrial and sidereal sources or by man. We can distinguish two types of fields, (i) constant fields with reduced influence in biological systems and (ii) variable fields (AC), capable of inducing electrical currents. The latter, if intense enough, can be harmful, mainly for people with electronic prosthetics (e.g. pacemakers).
-However, most electric circuits, including power transmission lines, are closed, meaning that the electric charge will eventually return to the source (generator or battery) via cables in close proximity of each other. This is also what happens in domestic circuits where, the most observant have certainly already noticed, cables are always paired (the third wire is usually the 'earth' and doesn't carry power in normal operation, existing only for safety reasons).
+However, most electric circuits that carry those currents, including power transmission lines, are closed, meaning that the electric charge will eventually return to the source (generator or battery) via cables in close proximity of each other. This is also what happens in domestic circuits where, the most observant have certainly already noticed, cables are always paired (the third wire is usually the 'earth' and doesn't carry power in normal operation, existing only for safety reasons).
 The objective of this experiment is to determine the magnetic field vector created by two parallel conductors in several points in space. To achieve this, the experiment has a 3D micro-probe capable of detecting the intensity of the magnetic field in the selected points. The advanced protocol suggests a more mathematically demanding solution, where the full geometry of the rectangular coil is considered.
 Since electrical currents always return to the generators, power transmission lines and many other electromagnetic devices exhibit behavior similar to the one described and studied in this experiment.
 <!-- Se quiser fazer parte da rede MEDEA, por favor envie-nos um  [mailto:medea@spf.pt mail]. -->

@@ Line 76: / Line 76: @@
 :Number of positions where the three componentes of the magnetic field and the current on the coils are measured;
 ;Current in the coil:
-:Value, in percentage, of the modulation of the current per turn. This allows the aproximate selection of the value of the current in relation to the maximum. To determine the maximum value of current, it's necessary to run the experiment with modulation 100%. This parameter is essential to avoid the saturation of the measurements in the region near the coil.
+:Value, in percentage, of the modulation of the current per turn. This allows the aproximate selection of the value of the current in relation to the maximum. To determine the maximum value of current, it's necessary to run the experiment with modulation eg. 50% and to extrapolate for the desired value. This parameter is essential to avoid the saturation of the measurements in the region near the coil.
 ;Angle:
 :Allows for the orientation of the coil to be selected, according to fig.1

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 *Video: rtsp://elabmc.ist.utl.pt/mag3d.sdp
-*Laboratory: Intermediate in [http://e-lab.ist.eu elab1.ist.utl.pt]
+*Laboratory: Intermediate in [http://e-lab.ist.utl.pt elab.tecnico.ulisboa.pt]
 *Control Room: Mag_3D
 *[http://www.elab.ist.utl.pt/wp-content/gallery/Mag3D/Videos/e_lab_Mag3D.m4v Recording]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 =Experiment description=
-[[File:Axes_&_Coil.png||thumb|Fig. 1 - This experiment consists of a set of rectangular coils capable of creating a magnetic field in space. Since one of the dimensions is much larger than the other, the problem may approached, in a mathematically simpler first approximation, as two infinite wires. ''Note: the angle <math>&theta;</math> do not express the coil orientation''|right|border|236px]]
+[[File:Axes_&_Coil.png||thumb|Fig. 1 - This experiment consists of a set of rectangular coils capable of creating a magnetic field in space. Since one of the dimensions is much larger than the other, the problem may approached, in a mathematically simpler first approximation, as two infinite wires. ''Note: the angle <math>&theta;</math> do not express the coil orientation but the coil's construction plane''|right|border|236px]]
 The magnetic field exists all around. It can be created by natural terrestrial and sidereal sources or by man. We can distinguish two types of fields, (i) constant fields with reduced influence in biological systems and (ii) variable fields (AC), capable of inducing electrical currents. The latter, if intense enough, can be harmful, mainly for people with electronic prosthetics (e.g. pacemakers).

@@ Line 121: / Line 121: @@
 [[File:MAG_3D_MagneticField_90degree.png|250px|thumb|right| Components of the field along the ''zz'' and ''xx'' axes created by the experiment with the coil aligned along ''xx'']]
-In this situation, the angle of the coil with the ''xx'' axis is 90 and, by symmetry, there is only field along ''xx'' in the axis orthogonal to the plane defined by the conductors. In a far region, it can be considered that the distance ''r'' to the plane, given by <math>\sqrt{a^2+x^2}</math>, is approximately the ordinate along the axis and the fields created by both cables ─ separated by a distance of ''2a'' ─ add up to generate a field with double the intensity:
+In this situation, the angle of the coil with the ''xx'' axis is 0 and, by symmetry, there is only field along ''xx'' in the axis orthogonal to the plane defined by the conductors. In a far region, it can be considered that the distance ''r'' to the plane, given by <math>\sqrt{a^2+x^2}</math>, is approximately the ordinate along the axis and the fields created by both cables ─ separated by a distance of ''2a'' ─ add up to generate a field with double the intensity:
 <math>

@@ Line 118: / Line 118: @@
 The figures show values obtained experimentally. Only relevant dimensions are show (it can be shown that, by simmetry, the field along ''yy'' is negligible).
-===In the simmetry plane between cables===
+===In the symmetry plane between cables===
 [[File:MAG_3D_MagneticField_90degree.png|250px|thumb|right| Components of the field along the ''zz'' and ''xx'' axes created by the experiment with the coil aligned along ''xx'']]
-In this situation, the angle of the coil with the ''xx'' axis is 0 and, by simmetry, there is only field along ''xx'' in the axis orthogonal to the plane defined by the conductors. In a far region, it can be considered that the distance ''r'' to the plane, given by <math>\sqrt{a^2+x^2}</math>, is aproximately the ordinate along the axis and the fields created by both cables ─ separated by a distance of ''2a'' ─ add up to generate a field with double the intensity:
+In this situation, the angle of the coil with the ''xx'' axis is 90 and, by symmetry, there is only field along ''xx'' in the axis orthogonal to the plane defined by the conductors. In a far region, it can be considered that the distance ''r'' to the plane, given by <math>\sqrt{a^2+x^2}</math>, is approximately the ordinate along the axis and the fields created by both cables ─ separated by a distance of ''2a'' ─ add up to generate a field with double the intensity:
 <math>

@@ Line 162: / Line 162: @@
 <references />
-=Ligações=
+=Links=
 *[[ Campo de indução magnético criado por 2 condutores | Portuguese Version (Versão em Português)]]
 *[https://github.com/bernardocarvalho/life-jupyter/blob/master/BiotSavart.ipynb Python simulation]